Indeed, in the 2000s, and under the pressure of music and movie industries, many countries were enacting repressive regulations aimed at sanctioning and circumscribing the sprawling of copyright infringement that the Internet made possible. Through his advocating of the saint trilogy “information, knowledge, culture”, Benkler outlines technological affordances personal computers and access to the Internet have bestowed, while responding to problems that were coming to a head at the time he was writing. It opened the door a democratic, participatory and rhizomatic production of content, and to the flourishing of “nonmarket production” (56) that is, to a world in which individuals fully retrieve their power to create. The latter is characterized by a dramatic decrease in these costs.
The former was characterized by the high cost of the means of producing and sharing (the media), which buttressed a much centralized and concentrated production of content (TV, newspapers, etc). Specific current questions include whether it would be an appropriate policy goal to nudge robotics towards labor-complementing, rather than labor-displacing paths to govern platforms and AI specifically aiming toward distributive goals and democratic accountability, and to integrate technology, labor, and climate policy.Yochai Benkler assesses a shift from “Industrial Information Economy” to “ Networked Information Economy” (31 – 32). His present studies include both large scale data science analysis of propaganda and disinformation online and theoretical and qualitative empirical analysis of how institutions and technology have interacted in the rise of economic inequality since the 1970s. In particular, he has looked at the interaction between market and nonmarket models of human motivation and organization, and how these interact to determine the distribution of political, economic, and cultural power in society. His research has long explored how technologies associated with the Internet shape power and freedom in society. Yochai Benkler studies how technology and institutions interact to shape social relations.
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